All About Osteoarthritis

Millions of individuals worldwide suffer from osteoarthritis, the most prevalent type of arthritis. When the cartilage that covers and cushions the ends of bones deteriorates, these results.

Although any joint is vulnerable to osteoarthritis damage, the hands, knees, hips, and spine are especially susceptible.

The joint damage caused by osteoarthritis can't be undone, but the symptoms can often be controlled. The disease's course can be slowed, and pain and joint function can be improved by keeping active, maintaining a healthy weight, and obtaining certain therapies.

Symptoms

As time passes, osteoarthritis symptoms tend to worsen. Osteoarthritis manifests itself through the following signs and symptoms:
  • Pain. Pain in the affected joints may be felt either during moving or subsequently.
  • Stiffness. Morning or post-inactivity stiffness maybe when you will notice your joints the most.
  • Tenderness. Light pressure on or around the affected joint may cause discomfort.
  • Decreased adaptability. Sometimes, you may be limited in how far you can bend a joint.
  • Unpleasant grating sound or feeling. If you use the joint, you may get a grating sensation and hear popping or crackling.
  • Spurs of bone. These bony outgrowths can manifest as hard nodules near the afflicted joint.
  • Swelling. Inflammation of the surrounding soft tissues could be to blame.
What Kinds of People Get Osteoarthritis?

Osteoarthritis can affect anyone anytime, but it is more frequent in older adults. After the age of 40, women have a higher risk than men of developing osteoarthritis. Menopause is a common time of onset for this condition in females.

While osteoarthritis is more common in older adults, it can sometimes affect younger people.
  • Damage to the joint.
  • Abnormal anatomy of the joints.
  • Defective joint cartilage is inherited.
Osteoarthritis's Root Cause

Damage to or a structural alteration of the cartilage and other joint tissues leads to osteoarthritis. Joint wear and tear are not the cause of this problem. Instead, the breakdown can be triggered by tissue changes, which normally occur slowly over time.

There are risk factors that have been linked to increased incidence of this condition, and they include:
  • Ageing.
  • Having a weight problem, especially obesity.
  • Previous joint trauma or surgical intervention.
  • Wear and tear on the joint due to overuse.
  • Defective formation of the joints.
  • Osteoarthritis runs in the family.
Chronic pain is a common symptom of osteoarthritis, a degenerative disease that worsens with time. When joint pain and stiffness grow severe, normal activities become challenging.
The discomfort and incapacity brought on by osteoarthritis often lead to feelings of depression and disrupted sleep.

How does a doctor determine if someone has OA?

Symptoms, a physical exam, X-rays, and laboratory tests all play a role in an OA diagnosis.
If there is any doubt about the diagnosis, consulting a rheumatologist, a specialist specialising in arthritis and associated disorders, can be helpful.

How can OA be managed?

Since a solution for OA has not been found, clinicians typically employ a multipronged approach to alleviating symptoms.
  • Taking more exercise is a good idea.
  • Therapies that use exercise to build muscle are called "physical."
  • Diminishing Body Mass
  • Medications, such as prescription drugs and over-the-counter pain relievers
  • Crutches, canes, and other aids for mobility
  • Surgery (if other treatment options have not been effective) (if other treatment options have not been effective)
Self-management measures can help patients with OA feel more in control of their condition while they undergo these therapies. By reducing pain and disability, these methods allow persons with osteoarthritis to continue participating in the things that matter to them.

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